chore: commit supabase config, phase 2/4 plan docs, extend gitignore

- supabase/config.toml + supabase/.gitignore from supabase init (needed
  for supabase db push / local dev)
- phase 2 and phase 4 implementation plans referenced by the SDD
  progress ledger but never committed
- ignore local tooling dirs (node_modules.nosync, graphify-out, .claude)
  and iCloud "name 2.ext" sync-conflict copies

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01CPf5Rc8QPx6V8KLEEgfKEQ

supabase/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Supabase
+.branches
+.temp
+
+# dotenvx
+.env.keys
+.env.local
+.env.*.local